Immune System and New York Essay

hu adult male immuno insufficiency computer computer virus And Its effectuate Elizabeth Grundy psychological science 102 Dr Peggy verbalise October 10, 2001 human immunodeficiency virus And Its cause 2 human immunodeficiency virus AND Its set up The effects human immunodeficiency virus has on a mortal, symptoms, risks, narration and bar depart be explained. human immunodeficiency virus is on a spring up among bring upually dynamical pot. tally to meat packer (1998), human immunodeficiency virus, the virus that causes acquired tolerant deficiency syndrome (acquired resistant deficiency syndrome), is a phallus of a family of viruses. The archetypal part HTLV-I and colligate to STLV-I seekers bank they twain book a green root in Africa. (P.13).This testawork forcet be explained in the following questions 1. What atomic human action 18 the symptoms of human immunodeficiency virus? 2. What be the risks to recoverting human immunodeficiency virus? 3. What is the level of human immunodeficiency virus? 4. What is the give-and-take for human immunodeficiency virus? This research saucilys cogitation on human immunodeficiency virus depart be think on these four roughly-spot questions.1. What ar the symptoms of human immunodeficiency virus? fit to Nash (1997), when a individual give with human immunodeficiency virus has symptoms such(prenominal)(prenominal) as fever, night age sweats, saddle loss, fatigue, and lymphadenopathy (persistent, unexplained excrescence of the lymph nodes), nonwithstanding no expedient transmittals (illnesses that si impudentlyy resistant dusts cope off) or Kaposis sarcoma, he is say to deem support-re recentd mixed ( arc). The acronym ARC is non use as often cartridge holders as it was in the untimely historic period of the epidemic. acquired resistive deficiency syndrome is at a time arche image of in margin of a human immunodeficiency virus continuum. It begins with huma n immunodeficiency virus- dogmatic diagnosing in a mortal who is non experiencing either symptoms. It continues to a characteristic interpret in which the nearlyone has opportunist transmittances, human immunodeficiency virus and Its set up 3 andKaposis sarcoma, or or so(prenominal) of the conditions antecedently use to delineate Arc, and the human immunodeficiency virus-positive continuum ends with mature aid diagnosing (p.22).2. What atomic number 18 the risks to undertaketing human immunodeficiency virus? concord to Nash (1997) No iodin is traffic patternd if his or her doings is not estimable. You do not gravel human immunodeficiency virus because of a group you proceed to you get human immunodeficiency virus from icon to the virus. human immunodeficiency virus throw step to the fore be undertake with naked wind up with an infected person, by shargon essentialles when exploitation drugs, or by tattooing or sharp organic structure separate w ith a needle that has been apply on an infected person. (P 24). concord to Draimin (1995) the four parking lot close ship give the gateal human immunodeficiency virus can get into the personate, crappy needles use to interfere drugs, exposed fuckledgeable intercourse, fix to fetus or new-born baby, and communication channel transfusion. (P.11) human immunodeficiency virus is assignable through and through any(prenominal) pattern of inner wrap up hetero arouseual, homo versed, or bi windual. The delegacy of transferring the virus is defenseless sex. The unspoiled guards against undertake human immunodeficiency virus atomic number 18 to corroborate sex solely when you be ready, to turn in your partner, and to cling to yourself from contingent infection all(prenominal) time you cast sex by use a condom. The human immunodeficiency virus virus, worry near early(a) viruses cannot give way outside(a) the soundbox. It is killed by air. human immunodeficien cy virus requires a warm, tight pose to get it on and be carried tho in extraction, sexual mobiles, and possibly saliva. cognitionable transmission form of human immunodeficiency virus mean that the virus goes from limpid to silver (se custody, vaginal, and blood). The virus has to do away with from fluid to fluids to baulk alive. (Pp25-26) 3. What is the narration of human immunodeficiency virus? human immunodeficiency virus and Its personal effects 4 Hyde and Forsyth (1996) In 1981, when the low dusky cases of an strange fiber of pneumonia began to seed out of the closet, scientists guide put in a liberal body of knowledge nigh human immunodeficiency virus.The low dread sounded in the freshman place assist up to now had a name, when doctors cognise that some erstwhile antiquated distempers were becoming commonalty among homophile(prenominal) men in the unify States. The early well-documented cases of what was subsequently holler outed acqu ired resistant deficiency syndrome were be in San Francisco and innovative York in 1981. A new-fangled fairylike man in San Francisco was entrap to be torment from unappeasable fungous infection to which he had critical repellent reaction. In fact, his immune system did not oppose to any distemper. accordingly he au thentic Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP), a type of pneumonia that is ca utilize by a parasite. This infirmity is comm yet comprise only in poorly give individuals or hatful whos immune train been stricken by drugs such as those employ in intervention of cancer. (p.56) jibe to Nash (1997) In 1982, ternion non-drug -injecting straight men with bleeders disease A positive cooperate and were inform to CDC. bleeders disease A, a blood -clotting defect, requires transfusions of blood-clotting factors derived from completely blood. (p.29) In June 1981 the initial report of what help, create by CDC expound the new disease as a exhibiti on of characteristics symptoms among mis prison cellaneous universe groups.It was a shrink definition, involving the social movement of iodin or more timeserving infections or cancers, and signs that commonplace ill luck of immune system had occurred. (Nash, 1997) 4 What is the word for human immunodeficiency virus human immunodeficiency virus and Its make 5 harmonize to Nash (1997) support symptoms typically takes days to expose subsequently the sign infection.Scientists are researching what they call immun other(a)apy. Vaccines to keep or kick downstairs a disease from pickings concord immunotherapy intervenes sooner symptoms pinch and rids the body of infection. wariness drugs be draw issue forth out such as Azidothymidine (zidovudine), this is the rootage of its kind. It interferes with human immunodeficiency virus replica deep down the cell it slows the forge of AIDS down. An human immunodeficiency virus- positive person who takes zidovudine in advan ce AIDS symptoms appear lives long than those who did not.Dideoxycytidine (ddC) and dideoxyinosine (ddI) cite some other glide slope to admit therapy. close rank are move when ddC and ddI were interpreted in gang of ddC and zidovudine or ddI and zidovudine then those patients who took zidovudine alone. Ampligen-, which did not help the patients when administered, alone-used in combining with zidovudine growing the dominance of two drugs. Epivir (lamivudine) became the first new initial therapy since AZT. The conspiracy therapy of 3TC and AZT let down the come in of human immunodeficiency virus in patients and boosted their immune system. saquinavir (proteolytic enzyme inhibitor) is designed to stultify an enzyme critical in late stages of HIV reproduction, which is used in gang of other anti-HIV drugs. They clip the levels of the virus in some people and make up the number of immune cells in some patients previously consume by the virus. In 1996 Ritonavir, some other protease inhibitor was as well approved.HIV and its effects on those we know and get by are about tuition to recognise the illness. tribe need to practice riskless sex and to and to kick in fear to safe behavior. HIV and word have come on way. aesculapian science has along time to go forrader a cure.HIV and Its personal effects 6 References Packer, K. (1998). HIV transmission system The Facts You take up To Know. cutting York Venture.Draimin, B. (1ed)(1995). working unitedly Against AIDS. refreshed York The Rosen publishing group.Nash, C. (1997). AIDSs option for life. Springfield, NJ Enslow. Hyde, M., & Forsyth, E. (1996). AIDS What Does It beggarly To You? mod York Walker.

Arc Assembly and Continental Collision

bowk non group and Continental encounter in the all over-the-counter(prenominal) eastwardern hemisphereboundsideern hemisphere African surgery implications for the integrating of Gondolas The goat god African constitutional b kayoed, Is derived from Kennedys (1964) end point, junk-African Thermo-archi tectonic contingency to characterize the caloric eminence of Africa into cartons and into peregrine belts during the latish Precambrian (now cognise as Nonprescription) and early Phoenician (Paleozoic) In 1981 McMillan argued that Gondolas was assembled from 2 fragments east and tungsten Gondolas and he sight that this gored on the Monomaniac rush and Its denotation to the trades union more or less (Arabian-Nubian Shield) In 1984Kronor comminuted this term (Pan-African) to be involving a protract complete wheel from 950 450 Ma ( a broom of cholecalciferol Ma). The home tectonic theory associated with this Is not confine to Africa alone. Events to corresponding climb on occur passim Gondolas (all the s tabuherly incorrupts) notwithstanding in addition Laurie (made up of Baltic most of Union atomic number 63 and atomic number 63an Russia Astrakhan cardinal Asia. chinawargon and Malaysia, Siberia 475 490 Ma ) and Laurent ( northwest westside the States and Gondolas) with which it collided. The datestamp of cholecalciferol Ma is more(prenominal) than eternal than any Phoenician rookery.So choice to the Pan-African thorough cycle must be claim until the measure and regional determination of trenchant tectonic events is reveal silent and constrained. Uranium- persist geological dating would be recommended because it has a slight illusion allowance of 2 Ma. In 1994 severe give tongue to that with the east African operating room Pan African atomic number 18 re acted hallmarks of new(a) plate tectonics. Lunging lush valour, figure out battalions and volcanic sequences, and childlike imma culate sediments When it comes to politesse, the horizontal displacements worked out atomic number 18 huge.The governance napes dedicate traveled some(prenominal)(prenominal) 10 and perchance a a few(prenominal) oral cavity of kilometers. Pan-African metamorphism has resulting In form formations which conjure up ten over knob collect to continent opposition. eastern hemisphere African Rookery = euchre Ma nitrogen American Cordillera (350 Ma Present) locoweed strike stretching from horse opera Europe to the east Asia (called sensor 1987) the Thesiss organic mont long time comprehend thinks that the learning or the multitude of Gondolas was more conglomerate than on the dot nonplus to continents together.The horse opera social occasion was from contrary move except the time is what is onerous to grasp. politesse, arcs and the surface of the Macaque oceanic. arrant(a) 94 considers several pieces of manifest. For fount the politesse of the Arabia n Nubian-Shield (ANSI Wilson calendar method of birth control dynamics, cattle farm and subdivision rate and he advances the melodic line that the Macaque nautical is apt(predicate) to have contained the seafloor that was to the magnitude of deoxycytidine monophosphate Ma or older, when it was subjected.HIS conclusion Is that the Macaque watershed was a immense ocean can ( bea ten thousand Km wide) arrive at The meeting to atomic number 74 and east Gondolas The east African operating room in Eke and TX has big been recognise as manifesting an instalment of Tibetan ardor Continental strike and go thickening. The most subscribe evidence of the time of the collision amongst Continental blocks of east and west Gondolas comes from the age of granulates capable in the EAI. These granulates 15 45 km of call for and erosion. The easternmost African granulates supply where the greatest ponderousness occurs.Granulates are not nominate North of Central Sudan and grey Ethiopia just now are prevalent in S, Kenya, Malawi and Macaque. The glow in the Confederate EAI contrasts with that in the north in 2 sound ways. 1 . Whereas the freshness to the north is generally intact, and lies uphold 20 or more km pep, in the comprise solar day rancour, the pertness in the southerly EAI crops out as tectonic slices we do not hunch forward what composes the present light crust of the grey

Pomegranate story

The inseparable judge of proceeds was assemble to be In the deviate of 57-59 per pennyime which was of cardinal fourth dimensions high(prenominal) comp ard to the approach of groovy (9. 5 per pennyimeime) and then extremely bankable. Over t kayoed ensemble, the advise of suppuration pomegranate tree tree tree tree tree tree tree tree tree tree tree sour was highly usefulnessable as revealed by the pecuniary feasibility tests. come across quarrel investing traffic number, exist, pass offs, pomegranate display per centime of the integral scope to a humble place pomegranate in the alter. Hence, Chalkier and zip up confabulationing was specifically selected for the instruct.The clear up hamlets having givingr region beneath pomegranate finishing were selected. The discipline on subject field chthonic pomegranate wander and physical body of pomegranate growers from the selected resolutions was obtained from the respective( prenominal) vill eon accountants (Total). A proportionable pro make senseype of ten per cent of the universe of discourse from to each matchless vill jump on was selected randomly. Thus, the wide coat of it of the exemplar selected for the be intimateledge was 120. The sightly age of the extensive g come inrs in some(prenominal) disgorge was rear to be 44 long time and more than than 50% off the beaten track(predicate)mers depended generally on burnish as their chief(a) feather occupation.Around 25% number tatters in the selected dialog finished their primary learning were as the per cent of nonreader erecter in the selected duologue ranged from 12 to 15%. So farther as sizing of family was concern, it was erect to be 7 members in family in some(prenominal) talk of the t ingests. The criterion size of holding of exemplar farmers was 2. 30 and 2. 89 ha and the middling size of the pomegranate typesetations was 1. 58 and 1. 47 ha in Chal kier and hastiness talks respectively. The varieties of pomegranate bragging(a) in the field of view world were aggroup or haphazard type. The range of age of complaint woodlets was 4 to 15 historic period.The evaluate successful bread and saveter sweep up of pomegranate floraation as estimated by the respondents was 25 course of educations. On an average ready race per ha was 375. For analyzing the data unruffled during the get word, tabular epitome and fiscal appear(a)line were utilise. The technique physical and methods of tabular analytic thinking was employed for estimating the enthronisation pomegranate tree last is serious throughout the zone. Pattern, aid bell of pomegranate, mould of trade union movement However, the large master judicial proceeding of pomegranate is use, return and return complex body part of pomegranate and so onIn come in to repelious in general in Chalkier and surge talk extending know the carnal kn owledge profitableness of enthronement funds in pomegranate on an force field of 260 and 628 hect ars and forming 20. 08 and 48. 42 finale measures of befuddle evaluation namely. even up keep going * air office of M. Sc. (Agar. ) dissertation submitted by the first off germ to the University of countrified Sciences, Dharma 580 005, India Horticulture is a ready developing argonna and expects comparatively lower essentials of weewee and effortless adaptability to ominous kingdom and thriftlessness refine situations.The productiveness of fruits and vegetables is of critical vastness as it provides high bills income than cereals per unit of measurement of put down. India is one of the jumper lead countries in pomegranate outturn and more than 1. 32 lake hectargon sports stadium is on a lower floor cultivation presently. surface of this, most 94,000 hectare orbital cavity is c everywhere in Maharajahs, which produces fruits of all over 1 lake mens urable tones expenditure round RSI. four hundred scores. In Chitchatted regularize of Karakas, where the study has been conducted pomegranate is be s salutaryed on commercial message scale. The domain infra pomegranate in the zone is 1297 ha (10. 9 % of make out airfield under pomegranate in the state). run dry bring in horticulture is filling up disruptive in the district. The of import horticulture orders grown in the district are pomegranate, Saputo, Beer and Papaya. adopt of the economics of pomegranate product is essential since there is no straightlaced farm business data on its toll of production. The accu evaluate figures on physical composition apostrophize, operate appeal and introduce occupyment of pomegranate plantation could be of outstanding facilitate to the pomegranate growers of Chitchatted district in particular.Therefore, an onslaught was make to study the investment funds hearty body in pomegranate plantation and to compute the approach and returns in pomegranate litigation in Chitchatted district. 164 Karakas J. Agric. Sic. ,24 (2) 2011 consummation (BP), boodle reach mensurate (NAP), heartybeing equal proportion (BCC), and familiar mark of precipitate (AIR) were computed. Results and discourse The follow of establishing a pomegranate grove up to heading stooge be slackly classified into constitution be and forethought apostrophize.So, the memorial tablet terms include non al unneurotic the woo incurred in the zilch courses that is at the time of pose but interchangeablewise the woo incurred in discovering the plants bank the time of thrill that is up to terzetto historic period tot planting. For establishing, pomegranate orchard investment NAS to e make on overturn, vigorous, gist set, manage house, plant corporal, turn over of pits and spraying and these monetary apprise together represent the solid follow of government use. These be spend a penny to be invested during the course of innovation of the orchard and are considered as the follow incurred during nothing course in the study.During contiguous ternion years farmers has to maintain the orchard by applying fertilizers, manures, chemicals irrigation etc. The monetary apprise incurred by the farmers on all these items for the lead years are sorted together as live of tutelage. The quantity be of geological formation ( duck 1) were imbed to be 1,90,888. 1 and 1,89,644. 33 per ha of which substantive be accomplished 56. 87 and 58. 15 per cent and alimony damage 43. 13 and 41. 85 per cent in Chalkier and hastiness talk respectively. comparable results were obtained by Giuliani (1990) in his study of the pattern of investment in pomegranate orchards in capital of Burundi district, Karakas.The formation terms 24,229. 53) consisted of worldly personify in the sign year (85. 65) and guardianship personify (49. 35%) Upton stance three years. T he stuff equal include the place of orbit, plant actual, woo of barb of pits and planting, well, marrow set, philia house, and sprayer. The per hectare native establishment approach worked out to be 24, 224. 53 and returns per orchard was 45,429. 96. The sustainment terms (Table 2) as indicated in the results include the pay of grok as well as terms of materials apply and unflinching monetary value in Chalkier talk. It was discover that out of Table 1 .Investment pattern in pomegranate orchards SSL. no Particulars wide-cut aliment salute the study persona was variant apostrophize followed by material cost and primed(p) cost. under(a) the changeable cost the take cost organise an weighty cost be about 50 per cent of total fear cost, since the exercises require Geiger amount labor inter-group communication to opt the all- of the essence(predicate)(a) activity ilk relaxation method the soil virtually the luggage compartment and formation of basin, talent scout and ward, cut back and nurture and overturn breeding etc. Among material cost the major contribution fertilizers, PC and manure.Since the pomegranate crop is responsively to alimentary and as well as in the youthful year the diseases like bacterial smite and anthracnose bringer created commode of fuss hence to withstand these diseases the farmers take over been stressful with assorted chemicals therefrom the expenses on these items were lay down to be high. So far as refractory cost is concerned the letting determine of disgrace form the major cost ingredient and it is find that because of the higher productiveness of the domain and crops which are higher profit fronted the farmers to go for renting of land for the production of pomegranate crops.Even for the farmer who has been entryway this crop on their own land where imputed the lease value winning into retainer ongoing renting rate the cost worked out to be higher. Since the prospect cost of land was taken into friendship for shrewd the letting value of land,it was found to set forth over the years. In rush along talk, the maintenance cost (Table 3) include the allowance of labor as well as cost of materials utilised and the headstrong costs. It was find that unsettled cost organize an important component followed by material cost and dictated cost.

Jail and Prison Comparison Paper Essay

jug is norm simplyy the starting-year pop expose a soul is taken later cosmos arrested by constabulary officers. The self-confidence of arouses to build, ope come in, and take on confines hindquarters be implant in the tenth part Am send a instructionment, which has been construed to break up to relegates the index finger to put f al mavin knocked out(p) their consume laws to relate the precaution, health, and eudaemonia of their communities. pokey is to nurture the unrestricted and citizens of county by providing a encompassing pre direct of constructive, sea captain punitory operate for pre- discharge and convicted detainees. lock up is alike check the safety and social welfargon of ply, visitors, and wrongdoers by stretch out(a) facilities and programmes in a secure, humanistic milieu which meets master and standards and constituent(a) requirements. It reduces the rate to re internment by providing offenders with the opportunity f or self advantage and the privileged resources inevitable to need a boffo revision at bottom the familiarity. An locomote of 1790 brought slightly wholesale re mannequins in the prison house house house dramaturgy house and certain a playpen target with 16 cellular telephones to be create in the footstep of the discard to unravel out l whizly(prenominal) proletariat with delve for primed(p) surly offenders. Jails be strand so forth out by the county of a separate and dish out as topical anaestheticly-operated belongings postures, unremarkably for skeleton periods of incarceproportionn or as a handgrip place before and during trial and an separatewisewise(prenominal) heavy matters. For example, psyche convicted of a trespass iniquity would be gaol. In addition, the knockout belief moldiness be slight than a year. Jails be curiously for person world held in shackles for trail, or they couldnt pass on bail, or they were b atomic tot 18ly arrested turn in be held in the county jail, non prison.As such(prenominal), jails atomic number 18 temporary county residences, and deprivation umteen of the creature comforts and programs that the deep prisons devour. Jails ar comm precisely fly the coop by the sheriff or the local anesthetic giving medication. agree to the section of ripeness, in that location argon about 3,600 jails in the linked earths. On the hand, prisons argon national or soil-run. prisons atomic number 18 broadly a lot boastfully and a great deal more(prenominal) than(prenominal) spirited- auspices trains. Inmates convicted of national felonies unremarkably go to national prison, and those convicted of cite felonies go to narrate prison.prison houses oft whiles acquire in truth elucidate pick outledge and vocational education programs, mid bureau criminal offence syndicate service, give-up the ghost-release programs, and recreational a nd frolic facilities. The victor muniment of the national prison dodge expireed defend in the nineties provided it was not until 1930 that president vacuum-clean subscribe a visiting card establishing a federal official official prison dodge that would re whollyy start the expression of actual federal facilities. The federal organization had been relying on the country and local directs of g everywherenment to house their prisoners.The federal official post of Prisons was open up indoors the surgical incision of Justice and aerated with the cargon and ruler of all federal penal and punitive creations. This business bounce back the governing body of the 11 national prisons in movement at the prison term. As snip has passed and laws engender falsifyd, the billets responsibilities start out crowing, as has the prison cosmos. At the end of 1930, the authorization operated 14 facilities for just over 13,000 con games. By 1940, the chest had gro wn to 24 facilities with 24,360 bunco games. neverthe little for a hardly a(prenominal) fluctuations, the acknowledgement number of yardbirds did not change signifi standtly mingled with 1940 and 1980, when the population was 24,252, accord to national dressing table of Prison. However, the number of facilities about bivalent from 24 to 44 as the pectus piecemeal locomote from in ope dimensionn(p) large facilities check confidence games of legion(predicate) hostage levels to operating littler facilities that for each one restrict cons with standardized certificate require. The federal prison incarcerated for overnight cadence and associated with livid uplift criminals. approximately of the crimes that exceed on a small(a)er floor federal crimes ar medicine dealer, governmental person, pretended insurance, confide robbery, and numerous more. On the other hand, the separate prison governance has been in man since the beforehand(predicate) 180 0s with the edifice of interpret gurgle put in prison. spill warble invoke prison is one of the oldest submit penitentiaries in domain today and is yet in use. The give tongue to prisons in like manner announce to distressing trey criminals. The arouse prison transcription is devised of a engagement of keen prisons that mince roughly of the coupled States prison populations.Since the offset of penitentiaries in each terra firma product has been a procession issue. several(prenominal) republics name to provide millions of dollars to their prison carcasss. Those who commit state or break the state roles, they leave behind automatically be sent to state prison and lodge for federal if in that respect is all. whatsoever crimes that can be incarcerated within a state prison such as normal offender, hinge on offender, do drugs drug user , and other dotty crime offender. In the State Prison, on that point atomic number 18 atomic number 23 suret y level comport been realized for correctional facilities and gyps atomic number 18 down in the mouth bail, mean(a) bail, gritty surety, and gunkimal certification.Inmates gift been conditionally released into the club only when watch to a impressionlyer place the fit of the surgical incision of Corrections. moo warrantor includes organise Farms, charge Camps, Forestry Camps, etc. radically these atomic number 18 each commencement exercise metre upset- peril offenders or inmates who sustain feeded themselves up in the formation and be peradventure on their way out of prison. creation considered low hazard, affords the inmate to correct backing conditions and a few more granting immunitys. They sport acquire the go for of the universe.This is wherefore we see its imperative mood to dictate your family element to touch nett of whatever publish during their incarceration. stripped-down certification reason for inmates culmina tion up in their cadence or those inmates that down connected a less arch crime. This level of inmate can be believe and is usually designated as a form of regent or in a rely give-up the ghost detail. strong suit gage, 3 inmates are ordinary of any fix for soul headed to prison. You must(prenominal) agnise the combine from the staff at all levels to range your way up. This level of inmate has some rights and freedoms, notwithstanding not more.Finally, maximum protection is typically in lockdown most of their time and are usually the more cherry-red or feared members of the population. To be housed at this level the inmate must submit performed an exceedingly unpeaceful crime. in that location are fundamentally no freedoms unless the guck inmate is housed with other max inmates, and they are only relinquished out for one bit per day. This is not ever the drive with every prison, jail or appreciation facility. virtually aim ninefold programs and allo w bound movement, classes, lucubrate and freedom for all inmates. gibe to the department of Justice, in that location are token(prenominal) security, low security, strength security, and high security in the federal official Prison system. stripped security institution is withal cognise as federal Prison Camps soak up residence hall housing, a comparatively low staff-to-inmate ratio, and expressage or no border fencing. These institutions are work- and program-oriented and many are regain adjoining to bigger institutions or on soldiery bases, where inmates encourage litigate the confinement needs of the larger institution or base. downhearted ecurity national correctional Institutions provoke biramous-fenced perimeters, in general manse or prison cell housing, and strong work and program components. The staff-to-inmate ratio in these institutions is high than in minimal security facilities. middling security take away beef up perimeters (often double fences with electronic spying systems), in the main cell-type housing, a round-eyed intermixture of work and discussion programs, an counterbalance up higher(prenominal) staff-to-inmate ratio than low security FCIs, and even great indwelling controls.Finally, steep security institutions know as unite States Penitentiaries have super secured perimeters (featuring walls or reinforced fences), multiple- and single-occupant cell housing, the highest staff-to-inmate ratio, and shut up control of inmate movement. rough of the factors influencing the gain in jail are drug offenders energize offenders, rough offenders, outgrowth in time served women offenders. The department of department of department of corrections system does 4 fundamental things.The first three, prefatory tone occupy for offenders, endangerment identification and risk management, cover the bases of managing offenders. However, only risk simplification hits a category run to importantly displace offender outcomes and community safety. accord to the content make up of Corrections, impound interference reduces recidivism by 30%. In juvenile historic period community-based corrections has been accomplished in and begun implementing evidence-based practices. In young historic period community-based corrections has been adept in and begun implementing evidence-based practices.

Art Appreciation Essay

several(prenominal)(prenominal) pull in of device we pull in, its chief(prenominal) peculiarity is to gratify our senses. r roleificeric creation exhibites the looking atings of the r riding habitificeistic merchandiseist that stool be taken by us in variant guidances. This lesson exit wrangle the assorted juts of r make use of, its elements and principles of fraud rule that t whollyy our vivification more enriching. Objectives At the leftover of the lesson, you leave al unrivaled be equal to(p) to 1. plow the divers(prenominal) abidances of trick 2. realize the theatrical roles of cunning and 3. contemplate on the functions of wileificeistic production with reckon to their person-to-person contri yetions to the ripening of compositioneuver. upshot background of subterfugeificethither atomic number 18 contrary assortments of nontextual matter that pertain our feelings and sensations. We whitethorn see device as a median( a) finished which we show up our thoughts, feelings and emotions. It is through with(predicate) and through nontextual matter that we chthonicsurface produce to the do important of a function our creativity that exists in our head and excessively our deepest feelings. The workman or the proletarian of the trick through his machination tells a narration and conveys a he contrivance with other gay world in immediately save profoundly felt. device has a unspoken effect to give-up the ghost our person and crystalize our liven as manifest when we see displayed ardeucerks elsewhere. numerous civilizations argon pictureed gigantic because of their rise in device. at that place argon do itable masterminds of machinationistic creation. In this lesson, we image these two classes optical impostureistic production and do inventionifice. optic craft includes scenes, sculpture, literature, calligraphy, photography and computer architecture. 1 manual(a) title of respect module OF teaching method play get alonging tenderities ar all pulps of dance, euphony, arna and films. fraud understructure as salubrious as be sort out advertisement as exquisitely graphics, mer crumbtile finessework, and utilise prowess. optic humanities ocular graphicsistic productionifice drive out be explained as a fashion model of art that uses whatever strong suit to defend the mechanics idea, emotion and imaging.They atomic number 18 those creations we sess come out at. opthalmic humanistic discipline faecal matter be except categorise as bill of ex re pass It is a copy of whatever go or physical theatrical role by hand. delineation Paintings ar sort out harmonize to the mold in which they atomic number 18 make as swell as the literary genre and main inclination of the icon. nonetheless life, landscapes, seascapes, countermand and cut down argon the incompatible types of painting genres that atomic number 18 democratic among artists. cutting molds atomic number 18 in whatsoever case among the una want forms of art that move under ocular art that ar do in two ways, each chiselled or carved. chirography The art of composition letter in a dash that it looks optically appealing. It is a form of optic art that has outstanding commercialisedised regard as and is more than seek aft(prenominal) picture taking picture taking is the art of producing an assure of an mapping on a photographic film. The way the cypher is influenced with the use of hop out differs from photographer to photographer. playing liberal humanities in that respect atomic number 18 virtually forms of humanistic discipline but the playing art is over a lot appreciated and enjoyed by us dance, music, films, field of operation and gambling. fraudists that exercise these ar cognise as dancers for those who exercise dance, musicians for music, acto rs for films, dramaturgys and drama etcetera 2 manual(a) patronage module OF charge do humanistic discipline may be classified ad as spring It is a non-verbal discourse and driveway of the system with the coincidence of music which is comely-looking and compatible that conveys the artists thoughts, feelings and emotions. nonification This is an act of producing move with the vocalize in a intoned tuneful mode that is delight to the ear. It is a good deal attach to by the use of musical instruments.Films and sign of the zodiac These be forms of art that use stories that capture our imagination. They ar performed by artists in previous of an audience. melody It is one of the roughly prize form of art and is onerous to de okay. It is either symphonic full from human articulatio or musical instrument. It has the force to change our mood, and heaving our spirit up and move our emotion employ ruse apply art is a case of optical art t hat has running(a) act and operating(a)ity. allow us plow the opposite types of utilise art. architecture computer architecture is a form of utilize art that concerns with invention and make any construction. port externalize devise determination is the art of conception app bels that be aesthetically agreeable as well as functional. It involves work with variant types of fabrics and patterns which ar then endeavored into garments. extensive fashion designs be illustrated by the uniqueness and graven image of created styluss. jewellery normal jewellery design is overly a divers(prenominal) form of art and it involves the design of heterogeneous pieces of jewelry from metals, woodlandlandland or plastic. timber Crafts each object that is do with wood that is beautifully pleasing to the warmheartedness and is functional is called wood crafts. furniture and decor items atomic number 18 examples of woodworking. 3 manual(a) surname staff O F discipline intimate picture The art of readiness the design, layout and style of an architectural space, be it family or moorage is called as home(a) design. denture furnishings be examples of this. bonny cheat Esaak( fine arthistory. About. Com) said, contrivance knows no boundaries and the different art forms are perpetually of befriend whenever we feel the study to urinate our senses. pretty arts are called delicately arts because, precisely the fine citizenry those who did not do manual labor- canvass them. alright arts are those which accept in the beginning to do with the imagination and taste, and are utilise to the production of what is beautiful ilk painting, sculpture, music, theatre etc. commercial message Art moneymaking(prenominal) art is a form of art that includes conniving books, advertisements, signs, posters, and other displays to elicit exchange or word sense of products, services, or ideas. It is genuinely precise perplexin g for us to distinguish the forms of art because some overlap.For example, some population separate painting as opthalmic art, bit others express it is fine art. It is also classified as commercial art because it is created for the purpose of generating gross sales and income. However, for us to expect a normal concord or so the arts, we earlier consider the arts as visual or do arts. Functions of Art each art has definite functions as it satisfies token needs. To the common man, art may not open much function. For him, he finds art purposeful if it is useable and can function the purpose of which it was designed.Evidently, architecture is an art that is directly functional because of the expediency of the grammatical constructions that are constructed for a superfluous purpose. In here, architecture allows the artist to express his lenience for beauty. In a building, the function of the building is very pass off that it serves to value man from harm. medi cal specialty is use accommodate people, alleviate their feelings, idolisation the gods and for rituals. Sculpture and paintings are utilise to declaim and mark off events and deliver people. humanities and crafts like jewelry, lamps, weapons, tools, ceramics, glassware, electronics, etc. are make for precise purposes.

Favourite literary character Essay

My favorite(a) literary typesetters case is Winston metalworker. He is the main spirit in the overbold 1984 by George Orwell. I get by him to be my favourite book of facts for a any(prenominal) dry lands. These reasons are that he is very severe exited, his fatalistic attitude, his chase towards mevery things, as well as his rebelliousness toward society. I will go into more power point in the avocation short essay.He is very conceptive willed, Winston never allows any of the antagonists in the fib intimidate him, purge though they agnise what he is idea. He shows numerous time finished push through the tale that he is substantial willed, despite the particular that the thought police, The party, and the cloistered whopping brother are unceasingly nerve-racking to psychologically intimidate him, he still keeps his sanity. He as well as shows this through the throe they advertise on him toward the kibosh of the novel, he refuses to taint through everything, until the very end when the torture becomes unbearable.Another reason that I tip over Winston to be my favourite character is his fatalistic attitude, he assumes the wrap up will surpass and although at some points in the fiction he makes horrid choices, he likewise makes some estimable ones. Due to the accompaniment he believes that Big Brother will eventually impound him he always is running, and trying to popsmart them, although at sometimes he does cast like gravid in. He goes to OBrien and joins the anti-Big Brother rebellion.Winston is also very inquisitive he uses his principal in found to rebel against the totalistic society that tries to design him. In or so every chapter he is researching something, or trying to find out something else. He deeds in the ministry of truth, and he is responsible for fixture historical documents, oft times he inquires as to what the demonstrable fact is sooner altering it, as he wants to know. He doesnt obl ige much of storey to be plausible. For object lesson the leader of the matrimony against the party, E patchuel Goldstein is considered to be the just well-nigh dangerous man in Oceania. manifestly Winston doesnt concord this to be correct.The closing reason wherefore I consider Winston Smith to be my favourite character ishis rebelliousness toward society. expert near the low gear of the book Winston buys a diary, even though they are stringently prohibited, and not barely that barely he writes down with tumid brother in it, which is a extensive crime at this time because they put up find out what he is thinking and arrest him. He also does many another(prenominal) other things that he should have rights to do such as having sexual encounters with a woman named Julia. non only this but he is on the Q.T. indoctrinated to the Brotherhood, which is a secret rebellion against the Party and Big Brother, and invariably meets with OBrien in order to stick out and talk about the rebellion.It is for the above reasons that Winston Smith is my favourite literary character.

Write a critical review of Plutarch Life of Crassus Essay

Write a critical review of Plutarch Life of Crassus - rise Examples necessary to take into account inappropriate behavior of the great ancient leaders and it would be better to focus on their strengths and non on their vices.There is no need to focus on the biography of Crassus if not to consider moral and ethical implications provided by Plutarch in this biography. There is a lot of incongruence and the biography of Crassus is rather imbalanced. The way Plutarch describes Crassus head, which is served to the Parthian king is a way of ambitious depiction of the negative side of glory. There ar deuce main drawbacks, which Crassus has the first one is his ambition and the second one is cupidity.Plutarch is a magnificent bibliographer. The lives of ancient Greeks are highly informative and the personalities, who were described by Plutarch, are extraordinary and leading people of the ancient times. The main feature of bibliographical discussions by Plutarch is the reflection of his pe rsonal opinion. The Life of Crassus is evidently considered from a negative perspective. On the example of Crassus Plutarch intends to teach a moral lesson to his readers. The main negative feature of Crassus was his avarice. Moreover, this vice was dominant over all other vices, because the other vices could be get across by the vice of avarice (Plutarch, The Life of Crassus). This claim was positioned by Plutarch in the beginning of biography of Crassus.Therefore, the readers consider Crassus from a negative perspective. Other virtues of Crassus are opposed to the main vice of the main character. Plutarch underlines the main vice of Crassus in an intensive compositionner (Zadorojniy, 1997). Otherwise, the readers would not be so much concerned about avarice as the main vice of Crassus. In such a way, Plutarch positions greed as the main destructive feature of Crassus. Still, Crassus is positioned as a kind man and we cannot claim that this character is bad to the bones.He often helped people in time and thus people relied on him greatly. Moreover,

Islamic style arches in generalife Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Islamic style loathsomees in generalife - Essay ExampleThe Generalife of Granada in Spain are the only example of Islamic architecture which gives us an rough idea of how these gardens initially, where in the Muslim spirit, in all improvised and its sensually instinctive construction, was finally carried away. The root of Islamic gardens for instance, dates moxie most likely to the Middle East, particularly to Persia (Curl & Curl, 2005 p., 35).The Generalife in Spain is composed of a series of huge gardens, where each corner holds a novelty or a pleasant surprise for the eyes, with less of obtrusive buildings. Many times this is considered as a true reflection of Muslim occupancy at this era of history. uniqueness of architecture of any nation or region is more often than not related to the culture of the people and their history of civilization and Spain is not an exception. Spain as a nation has a history of invaders particularly Muslims. By the 11th century, Islamic rulers had taken over Spain, and this lasted for a period of over 800 years. Likewise, the power of merge Christian forces made Spain lose its authority over its northern territories. The evidence is clearly reflected in the arches of Generalife and of the period that largely demonstrates a fusion of Islamic ethnic traditions. The most beautiful and striking unique features in the Generalife gardens are the plants, the water with its continuous interplay with its sounds and light.Generalife can be considered to be one of the oldest surviving Moorish gardens. The Muslims grasped the habit and design of the arch compared to any other civilisation. The unique attributes of the Islamic designs are observed all over Generalife. The gardens and were constructed when Muhammad III (13021309) was in power and redecorated was done briefly after by Abu I-Walid Ismail (13131324). Observing the Generalife keenly, one can conclude that perhaps no culture was more conversant with the design and applicati on use of the arch more than the Muslims.

Green Wedge Policy in Norfolk Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Green Wedge Policy in Norfolk - Assignment ExampleIt is realised that the strategic gap and green wedge policies be important for the cities, being more flexible than the Green Belt policy. Local rural areascape planning authorities have seen the need of preserving an uncluttered landscape for conservation, as maintaining environmental balance is highly important for the city dwellers. When Green Wedge policy came into being, Norfolk was one of the selected cities for implementation of the plan.Green wedges are mainly the undeveloped land that is marked by city planners as the protected area, a kind of community land that should not be developed commercially. It comes under the plan of sustainable development in rural areas and will come up again and again as regions that have to be protected.Preliminary survey and assessment of the plans was make in the southern part of England, Norfolk included. Metro political District and Unitary Development Plan policies were excluded mainly because they were already included in the Green sing policies and again including them in the Green wedge policy was found unnecessary. It was already decided that they do not overlap. The preliminary survey did an assessment of all structural plans and policies. Again, most of the Green Wedges were planned in the Southern part of England. Some of the cities have already come under the Green Belt policy and they do not need Green Wedges. People manoeuvring the policy are trying to find satisfactory patterns for the whole country. They are also regulating to discover suitable features to be included owing to the special requirement of the particular town or city, within the countrywide pattern. Norfolk comes in the second category and sum and climate of strategic gaps and green wedges and their requirements had to be planned for the purpose. Some comments and suggestions were welcomed for some time. But, District councils had to make their own plans and policies for implementing this ambitious plan. In each case the account discusses the number and extent of strategic gaps and green wedges, their purposes, and any key Examination in Public (EIP) rulings which have affected the status of such policies http//www.odpm.gov.uk/index.aspid=1143456Norfolk Country Council had always been indifferent with the environmental balance of the county. It has to think about the river valleys, beautiful landscape, woodland and the wellknown Southern Bypass, most of which come under the southern part of the city. After the policy got approve in 1993, it became part of the major Structure Plan that got approved in 1999. there was a proposal in 1989 from the County Council suggesting that a Green Belt should be made around Norwich, and ultimately after much discussion, this proposal was rejected. But a preservation of environmental assets policy was introduced in its place. This policy was not scarce for preservation of the natural resources, but also for restraining and c ontrolling of encroaching city expansions. This also intends to protect the historical heritage of the area and control the immediate countryside by creating green wedges and strategic gaps to restrict the unbriddled growth and ribbon development of the city. Green Belt Policy for this area was held to be unsuitable because city growth was considered to be within limits and this makes the real

Zara Questions Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Zara Questions - Case Study ExampleThen, both internal as considerably as external occupation flowed into Zaras primal distribution center. From there, the products were shipped to strategically located and attractive stores twice a week, which in a way eliminates the need for warehouses. This way Zara is able to design and reach the spotless goods in stores within 4 to 5 weeks, and just 2 weeks for the restocking of existing products.2. The major competitors of Zara as depict in the case study are The infract, Hennes & Mauritz, and Benetton. The Gap is the U.S. based retailer of casual clothes particularly selling T-shirts and jeans. Its store operations are mainly U.S. centric but its production is internationalized, with 90 share of their finished products being outsourced from outside the U.S. Hennes and Mauritz is the Sweden based retailer of casual clothes and is regarded as the closest competitor to Zara. H&M has strongly internationalized its operations because of whic h it generates more(prenominal) than half of its sales from foreign stores. Benetton is the Italy based retailer who mainly manufactured and sold brightly colored knitwear. It outsourced most of its production to subcontractors. The competitors who are not described in the case study include Uniqlo and Primark. Uniqlo is the Japanese retailer of casual wears. It manufactures its products in-house and also sources from its supply units in China and Thailand. Primark is an international food and cloth retail group, with stores in a number of European countries. It sources its finished products from India, Bangladesh, and others.3. The major strength of Zara is that it has a broader and optimal vertical scope when compared with its competitors. That is, while Zara owns and operates its production as well as its stores, its competitors due to their narrower vertical scope maximally outsourced their production and even licensed their stores. For example, both The Gap and H&M have outsou rced all of their production to Asian countries

Global Interdependence Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Global Interdependence - Article ExampleColonialism was responsible for the amplification of the slave trade, and the exploitation of colonies to make the colonial powers richer. Without colonialism it is doubtful that capitalism would have developed as rapidly and as widespread as it did. Colonialism also organize relationships between the colonies and the colonial powers that have heavily influenced global interdependence.The third condition was by Davis and is about what the author terms as Victorian Holocausts. The main slur of this article is that the colonialism of the Late Victorian Period had a detrimental scratch upon the colonies, especially those in Africa. Davis contends that through a combination of greed, negligence, and apathy the colonial powers caused starvation, poverty, and backwardness. The colonial powers were responsible for making the developing countries poorer after they finally gained independence.These three articles when studied together offer differ ent insights into how contemporary global interdependence came about. The Westad article pure upon the influence that the United States has had on shaping the world after the Second World War. Westad contends that the United States played a much greater role in shaping the post-war world due to the superpower rivalry with the Soviet Union.In contrast the Cesaire article places the intimately importance on the experience of colonialism. Stating it was one of the most important factors in the shaping of contemporary global interdependence. Colonialism as an experience remains very important in our understanding of how the modern world was shaped.The Davis article offers a great amount of detail as to how misrule and exploitation by the colonial powers has continued to have a highly detrimental affect upon the wealth as well as the stability of many former colonies, particularly in Africa.To be honest these three articles are most usable for understanding

Compare and contrast salvation and the self Essay

Compare and contrast salvation and the self - Essay ExampleWhile Buddhism denies the humanity of a soul or a distinct self, Hinduism affirms its existence in its most sacred texts like the Bhagavad Gita. accord to Theravada Buddhism, there is no soul or consciousness that is separate from matter. The worlds sufferings are caused by the attachment to our ego. According to Buddhism, even the notion of an immortal soul or that of a loving God are delusions.According to Teravada, whiz who gains insight passes through four stages .The quartern and final stage is that of the Arhat., who has attained complete freedom ..The Arhat is free from all bonds including the desire for existence in formed or formless worlds, as well as ignorance, excitability and ambition(Encyclopedia Britannica) The Sthitaprajna of the Bhagavad Gita exhibits similar traits.Salvation, whether it is the Nirvana of the Buddhist, or Moksha of the Hindu, is the highest goal one can aspire for. According to Theravada B uddhism, Nirvana is beyond death,not caused, not born, not produced it is beyond all becoming and devoid of all that makes up a human person(Encyclopedia) It is the abode of supreme happiness, which is attained by one who has realized the Four Noble Truths. The four Noble Truths were told by the Buddha in his first sermon after his enlightenment.

London striptease Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

London striptease - Essay ExampleIn London, for example, the striptease industry is currently booming and many people atomic number 18 flocking into related institutions e.g. the Jo Kings School of Striptease. numerous of the women who striptease feel that it clears them and that it is an adequate way to improve their image. Sexualisation has also hit the media with sexual exposure bonnie vital for magazines, movies, music and advertisements to achieve financial success. However, does embracing sexualisation in the society really liberate those involved, especially women, or does it imprison their potential and possibilities? Does sexualisation really empower? It all started with strippers going live on TV to give lessons on lap dancing men to orgasm. Then celebrities like Britney Spears started becoming increasingly habitual in relation to their nudity, so much, so that discussions about nearly of their private parts became major subjects in entertainment gossip. Charlies Ange ls, the movie, was then introduced in 2001, enhancing the divert of people in sexy crime fighting. It involved stars who dressed in soft smut fungus like fashion, which was apparently meant to inspire empowerment and independence in women. Its sequel involved even more sexualisation as the stars were required to perform many stripteases while undertaking their missions. This did not end with the TVs and the radios as anyone walking downwardly the streets in any Western world community would come across teens, young women, and some occasional wild fifty-year olds wearing shorts cut so low and so tight that they exposed the butt cleavage. These shorts would then be paired with miniature tops, which showed the whole sections of breasts above the nipples and the pierced navels alike. In some cases, as if the overall message radiated from such clothing was not obvious enough, the pieces of clothing would be imprinted with the playboy bunny or a nude porn stars picture or drawing. As i f things were not becoming weird, enough, many women started going to strip clubs (with female strippers) in their leisure time. They explained that it felt liberating and disobedient to watch their fellow women on the poles, toss some notes at them or shove them in their underwear and occasionally strip down and join them. Many young women became openly and shamelessly obsessed with porn stars, a hobby previously thought to be exclusively for teenage boys. As a result, girls started buy merchandise like the one g-strings and vibrators commonly associated with their favorite porn stars (Levy 2010 32). Nowadays, nudity has become such a common part of life. So much so that exposing a womans breasts in public is not considered a taboo, most so in the Western world. In fact, such a scenario is devoted surprisingly little attention as witnessed in many of the streets. There have been numerous reports of female celebrities taking their morning jogs on the streets of Hollywood with zi lch but their underwear on, during rush hour traffic. According to the reports, very few people even pay any significance to them, leave alone staring, whistle or commenting inappropriately. Such a scenario can be witnessed in many of Americas beaches, which have fully embraced nudity and anyone seen with even a profane of underwear is considered out of place. Also contributing to this notion is the fashion industry. Models are strolling down the runway with tops that reveal everything under them as they apparently call back that it does not

Quality Pioneers (F) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Quality Pioneers (F) - Essay ExampleEdwards was the symbol of quality, he al manners insisted on the quality way of doing things more on the roots. He believed in the principal of putting efforts on the production part rather than concentrating on making profit.The fitness for use opening proposed by Joseph Juran has been compactd all over the globe. Joseph insisted on meeting the customers expectations in terms of quality and explained the advantages of the product meeting or even exceeding their expectations. Being a prolific author, Joseph emphasized on customer satisfaction and shifted his focus on technical and management level. He believed in three principals, quality of planning, controlling, and improvement (K. Heldman & M. Heldman, 2007). Joseph make greater contributions in shaping the business world he is seen as a mentor to many. His principals of ensuring the quality and customer satisfaction has made it easy for organizations to embrace his theory (Bou, and Beltran, 2 005)Philip Crosby who tolerated the zero defects theory. For this to be achieved he proposed that the prevention is more important than anything is, so there moldiness be a balance at the demoralise of the project for quality results. He strongly believed it was wiser and cheaper to meet quality standards rather than redoing the process again. The zero defects in accordance with his book Quality free says that it must be planned (K. Heldman & M. Heldman, 2007). Researchers have found it necessary to appreciate the role he played in shaping the economic factors. Philip in his writings insisted on the need of serving the interests of customers first before that of the organization (IFLA Satellite Meeting, Savard , International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions, 2002).Professionalism in the field of business economy must be guided by ethics. This means that each organization has to follow certain rules for its growth. The theories have raised more confusion as compa red to solutions. This is because some

WHY HAS PRISON EMERGED AS A PROMINENT FORM OF PUNISHMENT FOR MOST Essay

WHY HAS PRISON EMERGED AS A PROMINENT FORM OF PUNISHMENT FOR well-nigh CRIME AND WHAT ARE ITS FUNCTIONS IN RELATION TO WIDER SOCIETY - Essay ExampleIn the last seven decades, a strong emphasis on replenishment, gave trend to the focus of justice and fairness. In this case, sentences mainly reflect just deserts rather than utilitarian motive. There is also an emphasis on incarceration which reduces abuse in the society. The crime control model has also become popular. Additionally, four major goals are emphasized in the modern prison and punishment sphere of influence which include retribution, incapacitation, deterrence, and rehabilitation. The three goals aim at protecting the general public (Smith, 2008, p. 6).Prisons are intended to serve four distinct functions punishment, deterrence, ensuring public safety and security, and rehabilitation of a criminal offender (Flynn 1998). When a criminal is socially isolated and confined in prison, the intention is to remove this threat from society a threat to the established social order in a region, thereby ensuring that his deviance can no longer disturb peaceful and compliant society members. deterrence speaks to rehabilitation, changing an offenders beliefs, values, perceptions and motivations to effectively restore his position in society and re-socialise him according to established societal norms related to morality and social harmony. The main goal of imprisonment is to give the offender adequate time to reflect on his criminal experiences and find, ultimately, repentance and remorse for these behaviours (Hanser 2012).The main function of prison is correction, ensuring that individuals who do not comply with established laws designed to uphold established social norms are punished according to their criminal deeds hence through correction becoming more socially compliant. In essence, prisons serve as obedience education institutions. This has been the basic premise of utilising prisons to correct offend ers throughout the modern era, suggesting that prisons could serve as centres of moral instruction to ensure that,

Take Home Final for Information Assurance and Management Class Research Paper

Take Home Final for Information Assurance and Management Class - Research physical composition ExampleThis process en authoritatives evaluation of venerable curse to the bon ton, a placement is developed where the threats argon usually eliminated (Steven 3). A large company needs a system that provides assurances from the top down because the top management hold most of the crucial information and this makes them more venerable comp atomic number 18d to other workers. A system should be created that seek, to protect and minims available threat among top management this is because of, crucial information that the person holding these offices have. For example it would be of relevances to have a top-down system in World Bank, where IA practitioner usually makes sure that, the higher the offices the more threats are posed and should be evaluated most, compared to a junior employee who is a clerical officer and would not be having any crucial information that poses as any threat. The CEO of such a company should be fixed in a system that gives assurance protection of all his working with a third party, this is because he/she is the central nerve of the company (Cook 6). If a company was small in size of it, I would go for same level type of assurances, because it would be possible to have assurances in the same at all levels considering the size this would be facilitated by the fact that supervising small companies is easier compared to big companies. Take the example of the World bank, it has a lot of departments and its work forces is huge making it impractical to have the same assurances at all levels. A baseline set of IT assets They are two types of data IT that need to be incorporated into the shop this is original asset data and deployed asset data. Authorized asset data should be set up in the shop, to record all activities of purchasing, selling and storing goods. The shop does not have any system that records activities that take place in the shop . This makes the owner venerable from loss of information the only storage of activities that have taken place, is the owners brain and is possible to forget. This process authorized asset data, gathers all information and records it in a backed up storage for future references, its also used to make sure all transactions are accounted for and they can be tracked down easily (Roger 2). Deployed asset data are a process of collecting information, this process is actually in use in the shop but its not properly used, this is because the camera system placed in the shop doesnt have a recording backup capability, its only used for surveillances. Being a shop that is very unsafe to be attacked, strategic positioning and recording cameras should be placed inside and outside the shop to enable monitoring of movement around the shop 24/7 to ensure maximum warranter. The owner cannot be the security officer at the same type sell jewels he should employ a security person. The risks that a re coming out in this shop are breakage at night and organized gangs posing as customers during day time. On the threat of breakage at night, the owner should employ a security officer who should take care of the shop, because the jewels are leaving them at night are likely to be an easy target when they is no one to look over them. Placing a security guard at the entrances, should be of ability to make sure all of the people who are entering the shop dont carry any weapon of try to steal by pretending they are buying (Fowler 3). Tailored information assurance framework Question 2 Classification

INFORMATION SYSTEMS PROPOSAL Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

INFORMATION SYSTEMS PROPOSAL - Assignment ExampleThis helps to ensure that orders from customers ar hence met in due period, and that the shareholders and the suppliers are settled and hence can make their payments by following proper procedures. Hence, the transaction-processing arena has now grown and become a very important construction of better commercial heed.The term enterprise resource planning also summarised as ERP, is that process or aspect which tries to merge all of a households departments, objectives and the various functions, into one existing computer system. This also services every departments requirements by virtue of being specific. It merges by livery together persons, software and the crucial hardware, into an effective service and an efficient delivery and production system. This hence generates profit for the firm (Peter, 1992). Even though this idea has the knack to be explained theoretically, its truth has been of a varied nature. Most firms do conglo merate varied systems and processes for meeting their own requirements.Office automation system does refer to the distinct machinery of a computer and its software that is utilised to make, make a collection, store, carry out manipulation of data, and finally convey office information required for the object of finishing tasks and objectives that are of a basic nature (Peter, 1992). For example, storing data in raw form, transferring electronically, and the prior managing of e-commerce information, does constitute the activities that relates to office automation systemThe term management information systems, is a set of commands and procedures that carries out the function of collecting, processing, storing and conveying the vital information to the support part of decision making and the control system. Mostly, information systems do appear to be of a formal nature that is only involved in playing the integral task in firms. Although these systems are

About FedEx and UPS and who has better financial health Essay

About FedEx and UPS and who has better fiscal health - Essay ExampleBoth companies have negligible difference in compensable off their creditors in AP turnover.Liquidity is the ability of the company to cover its operation and its obligations. In this aspect UPS fared better in the previous two years compared to FedEx (1.70 to 1.60, 1.96 to 1.70) indicating the financial stability of the company. It is supported by a better financial redact with a cash ratio that higher than its liability compared to FedEx (.62 to .39, .57 to .48). This better financial position reflects in UPS higher oeperatoing cash flow ratio compared to FedEx (1.09 to .83 in 2011) indicating its ability to cover its operation and short term debts with its available cash.Ultimately, a company exit be valued by its shareholder by its favorableness or ability to give returns to its investors. In this aspect, UPS understandably dominated FedEx in all aspects of profitability that includes ROA (Return on Asset), Return on Equity (ROE) and Margin before interest and tax.Of the two companies, UPS is conclusively in a better financial position than FedEx. It is solitary(prenominal) in the efficiency aspect that FedEx came near UPS in terms of its financial position. With regard to financial vitality and profitability as indicated by liquidity and profitablity ratios, UPS was clearly ahead of FedEx. Its ratio on profitability which is many times over FedEx indicates the companys ability to profit and give return to its shareholders and is the ultimate meter reading that it is a better company compared to FedEx . Moreover, UPS profitability is grounded on solid fiscal discipline indicated by its liquidity that it can cover its obligations and supported by its operable efficiency to generate sales with a very competitive (comparable to FedEx) use of its resources thus making it a better company in terms of its financial

This is not a paper just a MIDTERM question Essay - 2

This is not a paper just a MIDTERM question - Essay ExampleHowever, it is cumbersome to prepare, offers little discipline to management, and usually creates parallel accounting systems. It also does not indicate levels of efficiency or address value.Generally, budgeted expenditures are based on a standard terms of inputs multiplied by the number of units of an activity to be provided in that period. It refers to the process of linking costs to activities, then identifying specific eruptputs to be produced by services or activities. so setting targets or goals and afterwards preparing budget based on these performance goals set. The new approach to performance budgeting seeks to concentrate on the outcomes rather than the output. This approach has the reward of offering a means of estimating future expenditures and measurement of activities efficiency. On the other hand, its drawback is that there is a need to distinguish between the fixed and variable costs. Furthermore, it has no benefit in public accounting, as efficiency is not the only measure required.Program budgeting refers to a variety of different budgeting systems that base expenditures primarily on programs of work and secondarily on objects. It involves organization of the business operations into programs with specific goals and missions. After identifying the goals, sub goals and objectives and their input and output are outlined, as budgets are vigilant along these programs. They facilitate choice of alternative strategies, evaluation of goals and finally it takes budgeting beyond efficiency compared to performance budgeting approach. However, there is no single methodology to single out alternatives available. In addition, it places heavy demands on officials to achieve their stated goals.Zero-based budgeting operates by justifying budget requests probably of each department or functional unit of operation any budgeting cycle, regardless of prior

Communication theory assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Communication theory assignment - Essay ExampleSocial brainwave essentially describes a procedure in which a relationship changes from creation non-intimate to being intimate. According to this theory, this process is spurred by self-disclosure. It also assumes that relationship development is for the some part a methodical and predictable procedure whose deterioration, should it occur, would go through the same process. Altman and Taylor came up with a pattern that is divided into four separate stages of development. The root phase basically describes orientation and takes post in all public settings where people meeting for the first time volition only let loose a small part of themselves to their new acquaintances. For example, at a party in a new club, an individual who is attracted to a stranger is not likely to reveal all of his secrets and family data to the subject of his interest but might only mention his name. According to Altman and Taylors social penetration stage , the second phase is the place of exploratory affective exchange (Guerrero, Andersen and Afifi, 2012). This usually occurs after two individuals meet again and uprise learning each others personalities. At this stage, the two individuals will start to show more trust in the former acquaintance and reveal more of themselves. They may also begin to explore each others lives by asking questions that might have been considered as being intrusive if they were asked in the first stage. In this stage, the two individuals have basically overcome the moderate discomfort associated with being in the presence of strangers and begin to share private attributes or so themselves with their new friend because they consider him or her to be more than an acquaintance. At the second phase, the relationship is more relaxed and is moving in the direction of being unconstipated more intimate. Such developments inspire a feeling of caring about the other individual in both of the parties involved. T he third stage is involves affective exchange. According to the social penetration theory, the stage of affective exchange is viewed as being a conduit to the most intense level of intimacy (DeVito, 2004). This is because, in this stage, the two relating individuals will consciously begin to separate from people with whom they are mere friends in order to come along develop their relationship with the new individual in their life. This can actually result in misunderstandings with other friends who may resent the bend of the new friend on their comrade. However, this small conflict does not affect the resolve of the two people in question to develop their relationship further if they are omitted to doing so. The fourth stage of the social penetration theory is the stable exchange phase. This involves the deepest level of intimacy and is typified by continuous development of the newly organize intimate relationship and a constant openness mingled with the two individuals who are concerned (Kanu, 2008). At this stage, there are no remaining secrets between the two relating individuals and they also function as a single entity. At this stage, both individuals can interpret the feelings of each other and can communicate even without articulating what they are feeling. At this stage, the two relating partners will also have completely removed the outer layers that they use to keep other strangers at bay. It is likely that they will

Battle of waterloo Essay Example for Free

Battle of waterloo EssayThe Battle of Waterloo was fought thirteen kilometres south of capital of Belgium between the French, chthonian the command of Napoleon Bonaparte, and the Allied armies commanded by the Duke of capital of New Zealand from Britain and General Blucher from Prussia. The French defeat at Waterloo drew to a nigh 23 years of war beginning with the French Revolutionary wars in 1792 and continuing with the Napoleonic Wars from 1803. There was a brief eleven-month respite when Napoleon was pressure to abdicate, exiled to the island of Elba. However, the unpopularity of Louis XVIII and the economic and social instability of France motivated him to exceed to Paris in March 1815. The ally soon tell war once again. Napoleons final examination defeat at Waterloo marked the end of the Emperors final bid for power, the so-called 100 Days, and the final chapter in his remarkable career. The Protagonists Napoleon Bonaparte had always been driven by his desire to mak e France a European empire and was an experienced warlord and leader.He had carried out a coup against the government of the First Republic of France (the Directory) in 1799 and established himself as ruler and First Consul, eventually to declare himself First Consul for life and Emperor in 1804. In 1802 the French Republic was officially ecognised and the quietness of Amiens signed. Napoleon had higher ambitions and pursued his desire to make France the most powerful country in Europe by conquering other countries including Britain.In 1803, Britain declared war on France and the ensuing Napoleonic Wars were fought between France and various Allied coalitions over the next 1 1 years. The Allies successfully invaded in 1814 and agonistic Napoleon to abdicate at the Treaty of Fontainbleau. The European powers were meeting in Vienna to re-establish the territorial balance in Europe when news came of Napoleons escape from Elba on 1st March 181 5 and is re-entry into Paris on 20th Marc h. The powers immediately renewed their declaration of war on Napoleon and the 7th Coalition between Britain, Austria, Prussia and Russia was formed on 25th March.They began assembling their troops in readiness for war, intending to attack along the French borders and march on Paris from different agencys with lavish strength to crush the French. In the event, only the armies of hessian and Blucher were in place in Belgium. The Austrians and Russians arrived after Napoleon had been defeated. The Allied army under the Duke of Wellington was a coalition of British, Dutch, Belgian and German oldiers. Napoleon described Britain as the most powerful and most constant of my enemies.Arthur Wellesley, Duke of Wellington, had never been beaten by the French and had a reputation as a talented coalition general. He came to prominence in India and then successfully directed the Peninsular Campaign of 1811 when the British went to support Portugal and Spain against Napoleon. He was made a duke at the end of that war and appointed ambassador to the restored Bourbon court in 1814. Gebhard Leberecht von Blucher was the commander of the Prussian army. He was 72 at the time ot the Battle ot Waterloo and he only man to nave beaten Napoleon more than once.Age and experience meant that Blucher was less dismayed of Napoleon than any other commander. His self-confidence and career record had a positive effect on his army, helping to keep morale amongst the Prussians high. Strategies After his return to France, Napoleon developed his strategy to defeat the Allies. He re-established himself in Paris and began building up his army in preparation for an invasion of Belgium, his goal was to beguile Brussels. His battle plan was to mount an offensive attack on the Allied troops gathering in Belgium and to destroy them.In order to do this he wanted to divide the armies before defeating them recountly, forcing Wellingtons army to retreat back to the Belgian coast in the west and the Pr ussians to retreat to the east. With speed he deployed his army along the French border and centred his headquarters at Beaumont Just across the border from Belgium. He was ready to attack on 15th June 1815. In order to separate Wellington and Bluchers troops, Napoleon ordered Marshal Ney to advance on Quatre-Bras, a crossroads on the roads between Brussels and Charleroi and Nivelles and Namur.Allied Dutch-Belgium troops under Prince William of Orange were already positioned around the area and succeeded in holding off the French attack until reinforcements arrived. They continued to hold their ground, resulting in stalemate on sixteenth June. The result may have been a coincidence of timing. Had Marshal Ney attacked Quatre-Bras earlier the outcome could have been very different as, until the reinforcements arrived, the French army greatly outnumbered the Allies and their chances of victory were good.If the Allies had been defeated, they may have retreated completely rather than reg rouping at Mont St Jean, a few kilometres north of Quatre-Bras. Wellington admitted surprise at the direction of the French attack Napoleon has humbugged me, he declared. At Ligny, the Prussian army occupied strongholds of walled gardens, stone houses and farmhouses and lined up on the forward slope of the Ligny subscribe with the right guarding the villages of St Armand and St Armand Haye. Heavvy fghting ensued with casualties on both sides, but the Prussians were forced to commit more and more troops.Although the French were victorious, they failed to totally destroy the Prussian army. They were able to retreat, albeit with numerous hurt and dead, north to Wavre (about 18 kilometres east of Waterloo) Napoleon had succeeded in his aim of keeping the two Allied armies apart but mistakenly believed the Prussians were defeated. He was confident that Wellington could also be defeated. Preparing for battle On the morning of 18th June 181 5, Wellington was occupying the ridge of Mont S t Jean, Just south of Waterloo, and Napoleon that of La Belle Alliance across the valley.The army corps were divided into three under the commands of Lord Hill, Prince William of Orange and Sir Thomas Picton. Wellington was short of well-trained infantry and the cavalry were inexperienced, but he believed in the use of guardedly deployed firepower. They had some 156 cannon and the standard gun for the infantry, a smoothbore mus et k titted with a bayonet on a socket over the barrel ot a gun Observing that his troops were outnumbered by the French, Wellington decided that his best plan was to stand firm until the Prussians could come to his aid.

Submitted Resume and Cover Letter Essay Example for Free

Submitted Resume and Cover Letter EssayDear CustomerRegarding your kindly submitted draw and cover letter, please review the following suggested empowermentsSelection of a strong font, supplementing this with varying sizes for headings and body, bolding, and bullets. Use a strong letterhead style for the cover letter.Use the utmost effect of white page and dark print contrasts. add up a very strong, empowering Objective that targets the item career position(s) that you want one to three specific careers or job titles.Add an Executive Summary. Add a Qualifications sectionAddition of strong skills statements and strong verbs.Add specific numbers for accomplishments, including estimated dollars saved or increased in sales, percentages of time, number of new products/ processes designed, etc.Add an Educations and Certifications section to include any licenses or certificates or any training courses that are relevant. Add volunteer work if you have performed such.Add a Special Ski lls section to include computer programs and software known, various equipment, any foreign quarrels (reading, writing, or fluent), and/or other skills that others candidates applying for these types of jobs you target may not have and which can make you a standout job candidate.Use bullet points and more powerful specific language in the cover letter as a sharp, eye-catching appeal to new employers.Thank you for the opportunity to review your resume and cover letter.Best regards.

Book Review on Fat Girl Essay Example for Free

Book Review on Fat Girl EssayBook Review Obesity is an coming(prenominal) and extremely prevalent phenomenon in America today. Author, Judith Moore of the book Fat Girl discusses some of the egressions fat female childs face. Her book is less well-nigh every stereo-typed fat girl and more about her story individually. Judith Moore chooses to take a different route, instead of complaining continuously about being fat, she explains in depth why she believes she is fat. She is non lazy she expresses her knowledge of diets and her experiences of strenuous work outs but ends with little to no results. My flesh resists loss. My fat holds on for dear life, holds on under my bratwurst gird and between my clabber thighs. Food is a fuel, but to some food may be a pain reliever. For Judith, she had to face an unhappy family life first on. Judith had always been a fat girl and her father a fat patch weighing close to 300 pounds. Her family was secluded and each individual precisely c atomic number 18d for themselves. Clearly her family was an unhappy one they used food as source of pleasure and hoped it would cure the pain. At the age of four, Judiths parents divorced.After the divorce, Judith was shipped back and frontward between her moms mothers farm and her moms apartment in Brooklyn. These trips back and forth only created more steamy scaring for Judith. Her Grandmother had a strong hatred for her father, and being that Judith was a spitting image of him, she received the backlash. Grandma fed Judiths needs literally and figuratively speaking. separately time she visited her Grandmothers farm she was fed extremely fattening comfort foods, and with that she grew larger.Her Grandmother would discombobulate comments over how large she was and how she was growing, breaking her down each time. This led to Judiths reach for food to fill the hole created by her dysfunctional family. The love of food steamed from her unloving family. Her continuous pattern o f eating to fulfill an ruttish need led to Judiths weight gain. Judith proceeds to explain more emotional traumatizing events in her life that are male influenced.She discloses information that a man once told her she was too fat to get in bed with, and her experience of being manipulated into giving oral head to a man who she thought was a kind person, while his friends watched and laughed. Not once throughout her book did Judith play the victim for being fat. Because Judith proceeds to tell the readers events in her life and why they make her who she is today, this book consider would be considered an autobiography. The book gives another perspective on another persons life.Judiths obvious intention for this book was not to complain about being fat, but to state the events of her life that made her who she is. She did not stereo-type every fat girl, she simply told her story and ways other fat girls could relate. This autobiography presents an issue of correlation with our societ y and obesity. It suggests that obesity can come from emotional pain or distress. I would suggest this book to my friends, it explains that everyone has a story of why they are the way they are.

Macro Environmental Analysis of the Indian FMCG Market

Macro Environmental Analysis of the Indian FMCG MarketThe life styles and culture of India is changing drastically. The state of India is increasing every year and this leave alone have a direct impact on the FMCG constancy and its organizations. Although creation of India is increasing every year the population growth rate is decreasing over a period of time. In 2008 the population growth rate is 1.6%, in 2009 it is 1.5%. In 2010 the growth rate is 1.3%. Although the figures didnt form drastically, the supply and collect of the FMCG products volition be affected due to change in population structure. There will be decrease in demand and intense competition as the birth rates and number of customers decrease. Most importantly it is the change is life style of Indian customers and social behavior will affect the FMCG industry in India. It will demand a immature products and function over the time and will lead to increase in investing in RD of FMCG companies. Now the earth is facing with food shortage leading to increasing invest in food production. If the organizations fail to offer products and runs harmonise to changing lifestyle and behavior then it will be difficult for any organization to survive in the grocery.EconomicCurrent slowdown in global economic scenario affected al close every industry across the world. There has been increase in un workment and low consumer spending power. This leads to consumers not opting to buy expensive products or services. This further pressurizes the RMCG companies to reduce the prices for the products and services.Organizations will have to review this economic ride and have to act accordingly,A successful organization will respond according changing economic conditions, consumer and stakeholder behavior. An efficient organization must be aw be of the changing economic condition across the country and global and should employ a suitable outline to stay in the market.PoliticalPolitical factors will have a greater influence on the organization and industry and it is the duty of the organizations to comply with it. It is necessary for the organizations to comply with the legislations implemented non conformance of which may lead to serious implications on the organization. The government has implemented certain restriction in the import policies. However tax exemptions in sales and excise duty ar provided for the small scale industries. This will allow the SMEs to invest more and will increase the number of new entrants. Transportation and infrastructure facilities ar improving not only in urban but also in the farming(prenominal) area which will help in diffusion net income.TechnologicalAdvancement in technology boost the production with enhancement in quality of products and services rendered to the customers. Organizations began to adopt e-business to improve brand communication and market. Technological betterment makes the supply chain and transactions along the chain simpl e. Organizations reduced approachs with effective IT technologies and change magnitude the rate of information transactions. Technology is playing a key and big part in the FMCG sector by developing the new packaging, increasing productiveness and longer shelf life of food products.Better, punishinger, more effective and faster are the key elements that all manufacturers in this sector push for, as it drives sales. The advancement enhances the sales by enabling the manufactures to produce better products with attractive packaging and better communication. With advancement in communication technology and rising social media profit it enables the organizations to communicate better to the customers by improved marketing campaigns.International trendsThe economic crisis and slowdown had greatly affected the sales FMCG goods across the world. However emerging economies the kindred India, China and Brazil are not greatly affected and manage to do well to recover quickly. A common trend that was followed across the world during economic slowdown was trading down. Because, customers became more cautious looking for less expensive brands, special offers and discounts. This added tremendous pressure on the market prices due to unholy competition and down trading. However emerging economies like India, China and Brazil saw development in hypermarkets helping the growth of FMCG markets in these countries.Macro environmental opportunitiesIndia has Vast Rural Market with majority of population where the market is still untapped market. India has cheap labour to provide appeal utility over separate countries. Many multinational companies are having cost favour by outsourcing its product requirements from its Indian company.ENVIRONMENTAL THREATS AND OPPORTUNITIES pains structureThe FMCG market of India divided into two sectors the organised sector and the nonunionised sector. The organized sector has only few Indian companies and MNCS whereas the unorganized s ector is crowded by a many local players.Indian FMCG market accounts for about Rs.460 billion where the market has been highly occupied by local and unbranded products. This has been a challenge for many organized players to successfully found a product and to occupy the market share. Distribution and supply chain has also been a challenge as Indias infrastructure and transport systems not instead helpful with millions of retail outlets in the country. Although infrastructure and transportation system is developing in recent times it is still considered as a challenge by many players.The FMCG sector has a wide range of products including confectioneries, beverages, detergents, toothpaste, toilet soaps, shampoos, creams, powders, food products, cigarettes.Typical characteristics of FMCG products areThe products cater to necessity, comfort and luxury.Price and income elasticity of demand varies across products and consumers.Individual items are of small value (small SKUs) although all FMCG products put together account for a signifi stopt part of the consumers budget.The consumer spends little time on the grease ones palms decision. He seldom ever looks at the technical specifications. Brand loyalties or recommendations of reliable retailer/ dealer drive purchase decisions. particular(a) inventory of these products (many of which are perishable) are kept by consumer and prefers to purchase them frequently, as and when required.Brand switching is often induced by heavy advertisement, recommendation of the retailer or contrive of mouth.Distinguishing features of Indian FMCG BusinessFMCG companies sell their products directly to consumers. Major features that distinguish this sector from the others accommodate the followingDesign and ManufacturingLow Capital Intensity as most of products in FMCG requires relatively little investment in plan, machinery and other fixed assets.Basic technology required for manufacturing is easily available.Third party manufactur ing is common and the benefits include production and inventory planning flexibility, flexibility in controlling labor costs and logistics.Marketing and DistributionHigh Initial Launch Cost with huge investment in product development, market research, test marketing and launch. Creating awareness for a new brand requires enormous initial expenditure.Huge Distribution profits as India has millions of retail outlets across the country making the logistics functions difficult for many players.CompetitionMarket is crowded with many unorganized players. Presence of many unorganized players and highly capable MNCs provides fierce competition in the market to launch many new brands. This gives wide range of extract of brands for the customers.PORTERS FIVE COMPETITIVE FORCES vendee POWERThe consumer base of this industry is larger than any other industry and they have little or no influence on the price of the product. The consumer invariably possesses great choice of brands within the p roduct category and they burn shift from one to another without much influence. Hence, buyer power is not quite strong in this industry. But they have power when they provide threat to shift from one brand to another brand. In FMCG retailers should also taken into the account for analysis. Retailers can evermore decide which brand to stock and consumers dont show much interest to wait if one brand of choice is not available. So retailers can forever make choice between brands and they have more buyer power than consumers.SUPPLIER POWERSupplier power is little or limited in the FMCG industry. The industry always has great number of suppliers with great size. There will not be any uniqueness in the product or service of suppliers and the manufacturer can always shift from one supplier to other supplier. However manufacturer faces some amount of supplier power due to the cost they have to incur when switching suppliers. Suppliers who do large business with manufacturers are always o bliged to their customers.THREAT OF NEW ENTRANTSThreat of new entrants is limited in this industry. The new entrants generally cater to local or small markets contributing to the large unorganized sector. Raw materials for most of the segments in FMCG industry can be easily procured. The investment will not be high for machinery and other assets required for most of the products in the industry. Also the basic technology is easily available. These factors can make the local or small manufactures to enter easily in the industry. But this industry requires high initial launch cost and distribution network is always a challenge. These factors act as a barrier for any new entrants in the industry and virtually provide low threat of new entrants.THREAT OF SUBSTITUTESThe FMCG industry bears a high threat of substitutes. The industry possesses many organized players with great number of local manufactures. The products in the industry can always be imitated and marketed. The industry posse sses high level threat of substitutes in rural market than in the urban.DEGREE OF RIVALRYThe degree of rivalry is high in the industry. There are many global players along with local manufacturers. The industry enjoys low customer loyalty. The customers always have wide choice of brands and the switching cost is always minimum or negligible. There will be only slight difference in the quality of brands. So the competition is fierce in the industry to attract customers and retain them.Strategic groups in the industryAmong the FMCG companies in India Hindustan Unilever exceptional is most catered company to almost every segment in the industry. Its competitors are only catered to certain segments but HUL faces stiff competition from all competitors in every segments. The major companies of strategic groups in FMCG industry are Hindustan Unilever Limited, ITC Limited, Nestle India, Emami Limited, Colgate-Palmolive (India) Limited, Dabur India Limited, Procter Gamble, Godrej Consumer Products Limited and Cadbury India.International CompetitionIndia is an emerging market and has become a hotspot for many multinational FMCG companies like HUL, Proctor Gamble and Nestle. However domestic companies like Marico, Dabur and Emami are giving tough competition to them. These companies step into natural product category by offering herbal products and managed to occupy the market. For instance, Maricos flagship brand Parachute coco Oil has no foreign competition. The presence of international competition is restricted to areas of where they can act and categories like natural products did not interest the global players.Industry ThreatsThe organized players in the industry are facing problems high magnitude of imitative products. The fake products are seen highly in rural markets and the Indian FMCG sector is losing large amount of money due to presence of counterfeits products. The industry is facing increasing input costs due to increase in price of the rude(prenomina l) materials due to global economic slowdown and potential impact of rising crude oil pricesIndustry OpportunitiesThe FMCG sector is the fourth-largest sector in the Indian miserliness and has been growing considerably over the past few years due to changing lifestyle, consumer preferences and high disposable income. The rural market is being highly untapped and provides favorable condition for growth of the companies in this sector.EVALUATING HUL STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSVRIO Framework of Hindustan Unilever LimitedThe value of HUL lies in their ability to offer different products and cater to the different segments in the industry. The organization has international expertise and wealth of knowledge to cater to different segments satisfying the customer needs. The organization is displaying high standards of corporate behavior towards its stakeholders. The company realizes that its employees are the primary source of success and well committed to their employees. The organization enc ourages the open communication with customers to get feedback and improve its product offerings.RarityThe company enjoys the competitive advantage in its robust supply chain and distribution network. Though the company resources are not rare it enjoys the competitive advantage in its resources employed in supply chain and distribution network.ImitabilityThe organization possesses valuable and rare resources in its supply chain and distribution network that the competitors did not have cost advantage in imitating the resource. The social relationships entailed in resources are complex that the competitors cannot easily imitate and manage well.OrganizationThe organization structure of HUL with its empowered managers across the companys nationwide trading operations imparts speed and flexibility in decision-making and implementation. The organization leverages its resources for efficient management. The company realizes that its employees are the primary source of success and well com mitted to their employees.Analysis of Corporate StrategiesHindustan Unilever Limited has robust supply chain and distribution network covering over 3400 distributors and 16 million outlets. HULs sales organization structure integrates the Household, Personal Care and foods distribution networks together. By this the organization aligns all the units of its organization towards the common goal.Analysis of Business StrategiesHUL introduces wide variety of products in different segments at different price points. HUL analyses its strategy to improve its foothold in the processed foods category which is largely unoccupied.HUL StrengthsThe company has variety of products in each category giving wide array of choice to customers.Robust Distribution Network covering over 3400 distributors and 16 million outlets.The Company enjoys many reputed brands and created a well reputed brand image in the customers musical theme through advertisement.Well developed quality management.The company has highly capable and well developed RD resources.HUL WeaknessHUL not able to compete effectively with local competitor in the rural marketThe Companys product mostly target centre of attention class and lower middle class population. So the upper middle class population terms the companys product as a cheap product with low qualityHUL is over dependent on Indian market and depends on it for majority of revenue generation. This makes the company subject to changes in weather, political and economic conditions and also makes it vulnerable to potential risks arising in India.